11（必修1）专题05 Unit 1 Life Choices 语法(不定式+-ing-ed形容词)导学案(原卷版)

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依据【北师大版2019必修第一册】编写

专题05 Unit 1 Life Choices

语法(不定式+-ing、-ed形容词)精品导学案原卷版



动词不定式和-ing、-ed类形容词考点考例1+1



















考点一：不定式作主语

清单1：动词不定式直接作主语，表示具体的行为，谓语动词用单数。

1.________ (see) is to believe. I won't believe it until I see it by myself.

清单2：wh-词+to do短语作主语，谓语动词用单数。

2. When and where to start the programs ____________(remain) unknown.

清单3：用于It is+ adj. +of / for sb to do sth 结构，of/for后面是不定式逻辑主语，it 是形式主语。

3. It is considerate ______ him to inform me of the date for the meeting.

清单4：用于It takes sb time to do sth.句型，不定式短语作真正主语。

4. (2019·全国III)On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ___________ (get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.

考点二、不定式作宾语

清单1：-manage, expect, choose, afford/ agree/ attempt, refuse, fail, intend, plan/pretend/promise, seem, decide/desire/determine等动词只接to do作宾语（首字母缩写为mecarfipsd，谐音记忆：霉咖啡不是的）。

5. (2017全国III) Sarah, who has taken part in shows, wants___________ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.

清单2：forget, remember/regret, go on, stop, can’t help, mean, try等动词接to do/doing意义不同的动词（首字母缩写为frogshmt，谐音记忆：青蛙聪明）。

6 (2018天津) I didn't mean ___________(eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help __________(try) it.

考点三、不定式作宾语补足语

清单1：notice, let, make, hear, listen to, see, observe, watch, have, feel等动词接不定式作宾补省略to（巧记：注意让迈克听听看看这块表有啥感觉）。

7. He was observed ________________(enter) the office silently.

清单2：warn, tell, ask, persuade, expect, encourage等动词只接to do后作宾语补足语。

8. Passengers are permitted ___________ (carry) only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.

清单3：用于“with+名词+不定式”，表示一个主动的、将要发生的动作。

9. With a lot of difficult problems ___________ (solve), the newly-elected president is having a hard time.

清单4：be said/believed/reported/known to do类句型中不定式作主语补足语。

10. The engine just won't start. It is believed __________(go) wrong for some reason.

考点四、不定式作定语  

清单1：不定式作定语修饰名词，多表示一个主动的将要发生的动作。to be done则表示一个被动的、将要发生的动作。

11. The airport _____________(complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.

清单2：chance, plan, ability, opportunity等名词后边多接动词不定式作定语。

12. (2019·全国II)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans _________ (retire) from her 36-year-old business.

清单3：序数词和形容词最高级后常接动词不定式作定语。

13. She is always the first student _____________ (arrive) at school.

考点五、不定式作状语

清单1：不定式作目的状语，多用于to do, so as to do, in order to do结构。注意逻辑主语一致性，不定式位于句末前边不能有逗号。

14. (2021·浙江)Mary’s sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over _____________ (plant) flowers in the front yard.

清单2：不定式作结果状语，多用于too…to, enough to do, only to do, so…as to, such as to等结构。

15. He hurried to the station, only ____________(find) that the train had left.

考点六、不定式作表语

清单：不定式作表语起解释说明作用。

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

16. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, ____________(not, make) it more difficult.

考点七、不定式的省略

清单1：感官动词和使役动词接不定式作宾补时省略to（注意被动语态中to应加上）；

17. The librarian will let you to know when the book has been returned. 改错

清单2：下列句型常省略to：may as well do sth; had better do, do nothing but do sth; can’t help but do sth. Why not do sth? prefer to do…rather than do sth, would rather do…than do…等。

18. Rather than ___________ (ride) on a crowded bus, he always prefers___________ (ride) a bicycle.

清单3：在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，有时不定式可以省略，但通常保留不定式符号to。

19. Henry's mother is quite annoyed now because Henry did something he promised not. 改错

考点八、不定式的复杂形式

清单1：to be done是动词不定式的被动形式，在句中作主语、宾语、定语、状语等。

20. ___________ (accept) as an Olympic event, a sport must be played in at least 75 countries on at least 4 continents.

清单2：to be doing是动词不定式的进行式，表示一个正在进行的动作等。

21. The boy pretended ___________ (read) the book when the teacher came in.

清单3：to have done是动词不定式的完成式，表示一个已经完成的动作等。

22. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears to ___________(tell) everything.

清单4：not to do是动词不定式的否定式，表示一个否定的动作等。

23. He got up early this morning so as _____________(miss)the early train.

考点八、不定式主动形式表示被动意义

清单1：不定式用于be+ adj+to do构成的反射不定式，不定式主动形式表示被动意义。

24. (2020·全国II)Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy ___________ (care) for and make great presents.

清单2：be to blame短语表示“该受到责备”，不定式主动形式表示被动意义。

25. Mr. Green stood up in defence of the boy, saying that he was not the one who was ___________ (blame).

考点九、不定式（短语）作插入语

清单：to be exact, to tell the truth, to make matters worse, to begin with等短语可以用作作插入语。

26. I lost my way in complete darkness and, ___________ (make) matters worse, it began to rain.

考点十、-ing、-ed类形容词

清单1：-ed形容词就是指那些-ed分词转化来的形容词。这类形容词主要用来说明人的感受，含有“感到……”之意，其中比较常见的有：delighted感到高兴的 disappointed感到失望的excited感到激动的。

27. The audience were very ___________ (excite) by the show.

清单2：-ing形容词就是指那些ing分词转化来的形容词。这类形容词主要用来说明给人的感受，含有“令人……”之意，其中比较常见的有：astonishing令人惊人的disappointing 令人失望的exciting 令人激动的。

28. The parents are ___________ (worry) about their ___________ (worry) son.

清单3：-ing形容词和-ed形容词都可以修饰look, voice, expression, scream等与人相关的情感类名词，但含义不同。比较并体会：

a frightened look 害怕的表情(指带有这种“表情”的人感到害怕)

a frightening look 吓人的表情(指这种“表情”令人害怕)

an excited talk 心情激动的谈话(指“谈话”的人心情激动)

an exciting talk 令人激动的谈话(指听“谈话”的人心情激动)

29. When a police car appeared on the road, the thief had a ___________ (frighten) look on his face.



好题再练（一）基础题

用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. (2021全国乙卷) It is possible ____________ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.

2. (2020•全国卷Ⅰ)My mom told me how ___________(prepare) fried tomatoes with eggs.

3. They failed _____________(grasp) the importance of his words.

4. We opened the window ________ (let) the fresh air in.

5. It took her three hours___________ (repair) her bike.

6. ___________ (sleep) more in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm on purpose.

7. Rather than take the plane all the way, they decided ________(fly) to Vancouver.

8. John was made___________ (wash) the truck for a week as a punishment.

9. The clothes that my mother bought yesterday are easy________ (wash)．

10. Remember ___________ (close) the windows before you leave.

好题再练（二）中档题

用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

11. (2021•浙江) The students are looking forward to having a chance ____________ (explore)the topic with the lecturer.

12. (2020全国III)The next morning he hired a boat and set out _________ (find) the well-known painter.

13. __________(complete) the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.  

14. There were many talented actors out there just waiting ___________(discover).

15. They don't allow ___________ (smoke) here. That is to say, we are not allowed ___________ (smoke)here.

16. Parents always warn their children ___________ (use) the scissors because they are dangerous.

17. It is an honour ___________(invite) to be invited to the meeting

18. The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection _________ (promote) economic growth.

19. ___________ (be) honest, the pay isn’t attractive enough, though the job itself is quite interesting. (浙江2009)

20. Whether travelling abroad will do harm to the senior or good remains _____________ (see).



好题再练（三）拔高题

用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

21. The local government has done everything it can __________(save) the buried miners.

22. Faced with so many difficulties, I was at a loss what ________(do) next.

23. He hurried to the airport, only ________ (tell) that the plane had taken off.

24. Not knowing ____________ to deal with the problem, I have to turn to you for help.

25. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ___________(hear).

26. The novel is believed to ___________ (translate) into ten foreign languages so far.

27. With the world changing fast, we have something new __________ (deal) with by ourselves every day.

28. There isn’t any difference between the two. I really don’t know _________ to choose.

29. I remembered _________(lock) the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.

30. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there(train) for a space flight.



好题再练（四）-ing、-ed类形容词专练

用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

31. The story was so (move) that all of us were (move) to tears.

32. That child shows a (surprise) understanding of adult behavior.

33. The (frighten) horse began to run.

34. It was the most (worry) day that he had ever spent.

35. The boy was (delight) with his new knife. He had been wanting one for a long time.

36.”Come on, boys!” said the fans in an (excite) voice.

37. The latest big idea is to make women more   (interest) in sport.

38. She was (move) when her neighbour remembered her in his will.

39. The walk takes you past a lot of (interest) buildings.

40. The mother was (satisfy) with what her son said to her.