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- (教材P2) By studying old photos of the former palace, they have made the new one look exactly like the old one. 通过研究以前宫殿的旧照片，他们已经使新的宫殿看起来与旧的完全一样。
former词性_________，意为_________。 adj.以前的；（两者中）前者的
Many of his former supporters voted against him. 他以前的许多支持者投票反对他。
【特别提醒】
the former表示___________，__________表示“后者”，两者相对，只可用于两个人或物之间。“前者”the latter
【拓展】
former president _____________ 前总统
in former times ____________ 从前
____________ (adv.)以前；从前（＝_____________) formerly / previously
【单句写作】
It was _____________________ of Turkey.
____________________, it was difficult for women to achieve recognition.
- 他追查到了堂弟和叔叔的下落，前者当了一名医生，后者当时正在病中。
He tracked down his cousin and uncle. ___________ worked as a doctor and ___________ was sick then.
（1)the former capital （2)In former times（3)The former;the latter
promote词性________，意为_________。促进；提升；推销；晋级
promote the development of...促进....的发展
promote sb.to... 提升某人为...
The band has gone on tour to promote their new album.
这个乐队已开始巡回宣传他们的新唱片。
She worked hard and was soon promoted. 她工作勤奋，不久就得到了提升。
The boss promoted him to a higher rank for his successful work.
因为他工作干得出色，老板给他晋升了一级。
【拓展】
______________ (n.)晋升；（体育运动队的）晋级，升级；促销活动promotion
______________ (n.)(尤指体育赛事的）主办者，承办者；提倡者promoter
【单句写作】
All our projects aim to _________________________ poor and remote communities.
The actor _______________________________________.
【单句语法填空】
- I was promoted _________ editor soon.
- Her _________ (promote) to Sales Manager took everyone by surprise.
- The program has been produced __________ (promote) the publicity of Chinese culture.
1.(1)promote the development of（2)is promoting his latest film
2.(1)to (2)promotion（3) to promote
- (教材P3) International Youth Camp Members Create Mount Tai App 国际青年营成员创建泰山应用程序
(app是_________的缩写)application
application词性__________，意为_________。n.申请（表）；用途；运用；应用（程序）。
create/make an app about 创建有关...的应用程序
fill in an application form 填写申请表
make an application for 申请...
Have you filled in the application form for a new passport?
你填写领新护照的申请表了吗？
Barbara made an application for a job as a nurse. 芭芭拉申请了一份护士工作。
【拓展】
- ________ (vt.)申请；应用；涂；敷；使专心从事apply
apply for申请
apply to do 申请做...
apply to 向...申请；适用于
apply...to把...运用于；把...涂／敷于
apply oneself to (doing) sth. 专心于（做）某事
- ________ (n.)申请人；求职者applicant
【单句语法填空】
- (2018·全国卷I改编）We had to write a paper on how we plan to apply what we would
learn in class ___________ our future professions.
- (2019·天津卷改编）Technology is also the ___________ (apply) of scientific knowledge to
solve a problem.
- All the ___________ (apply) are interviewed before a final decision is made by the authority.
- He applied himself diligently to ___________ (learn) French.
1.(1)to (2)application（3)applicants (4)learning
【单句写作】
这项新技术已被应用于农业。
The new technology ____________________________ farming.
【改为同义句】
He is busy making an application for a job interview.
→He is busy ____________ a job interview.
- has been applied to 3.applying for
- (教材P4) There comes a time when the old must give way to the new... 新旧更替的时代已经到来...
- _____________ （＝________________)让步；屈服/give in to=submit(提交、屈服)
We refused to give way to their demands. 我们拒绝对他们的要求让步。
He should give way to a younger, more decisive leader.
他应该让位于更年轻、更有决断力的领导者。
- _____________ 让...先行；让自己陷于（某种情绪等）；被...代替
Give way to traffic coming from the left. 让从左边来的车先行。
After several failures, he gave way to despair. 失败了好几次后，他陷入了绝望的深渊中。
But over the following days,my excitement gave way to despair.
但在接下来的几天里，我的兴奋被绝望所取代。
- (教材P4) ...and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. ...在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。
- 词性__________，意为__________。vt.保存；保护；维持
preserve...from... 保护...免于....
The ship is equipped with special refrigerating devices to preserve food.
船上装有特殊的冷藏设备，用来保存食物。
It's the duty of the police to preserve the public order. 维护公共秩序是警察的职责。
The society was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction.
成立这个协会是为了保护濒危物种免于灭绝。
- 词性__________，意为__________。n.保护区；禁猎区；果酱；腌菜，泡菜
No hunting is allowed in the preserve. 在禁猎区内不许打猎。
Mother made some preserves. 母亲做了一些腌菜。
【拓展】
rescue/save/free...from... 从...解救...
protect/defend/guard...from... 保护...免受...
ban...from... 禁止...做...
discourage...from...劝阻...不做...
- _____________ (n.) 保护；维护；保存preservation
_____________ (adj.) 保存的；腌制的preserved
be well preserved 保存完好的
【单句语法填空】
- The town is so beautiful! Its character is well __________ (preserve).
- We should eat less __________ (preserve) food as it may be associated with cancer.
- The paintings were in an excellent state of ___________ (preserve).
- Salt preserves food ____________ going bad.
Preserved/preserved/preservation/from
- (教材P4) Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge. 在发展和文化遗址的保护之间找到并保持适当的平衡可能是一个巨大的挑战。
- 词性__________，意为___________。(n.)平衡；均匀
keep/strike a balance between...and... 保持...与...之间的平衡
lose one's balance 失去平衡
out of balance 不平衡
It is very difficult for me to keep a balance between social activities and studies.
让我在社交活动与学习之间保持平衡非常困难。
The girl lost her balance and fell off the balance beam(平衡木).
小女孩失去了平衡，从平衡木上摔了下来。
- 词性__________，意为___________。(n.)余额；差额
bank balance 银行存款
In other words, the balance of trade may cause unhappiness between China and the United States.
换句话说，贸易的差额可能会引起中美之间的不愉快。
- 词性__________，意为___________。vt.& vi.(使）平衡；权衡；抵消
balance...and/with... 同等重视／兼顾...和...
balance sth.against sth.使······与·······抵消；权衡····与··.....
She tries to balance home life and career. 她力图兼顾家庭生活和事业。
We balance the benefits against the costs of medical insurance.
我们把医疗保险的好处与其开支加以权衡。
【拓展】
_______________ (adj.)平稳的；安定的；和谐的balanced
a balanced diet均衡的饮食
a balanced family 和谐的家庭
【单句写作】
We must _______________________________ of things.
My _____________________________ isn't very large.
【单句语法填空】
- He cut down on coffee and cigarettes,and ate a __________ (balance) diet.
- He balanced a trip to the mountains ____________the chance of a summer job.
1.(1)balance the advantages against disadvantages（2)bank balance
2.(1)balanced (2)against
- (教材P4) Big challenges,however, can sometimes lead to great solutions. 然而，巨大的挑战有时会促使伟大的解决方案出现。
- lead to___________________导致；造成（后果）（后接名词或动名词）
Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses.
这些化学物质中有很多会引起癌症或其他疾病。
Our unfulfilled desires led to fighting and quarreling.我们未实现的心愿导致了打架和争吵。
- lead to___________________ 通向
As is known to us, all roads lead to Rome. 众所周知，条条大路通罗马。
【归纳拓展】
lead sb.to... 领某人去...(地方）
lead sb.to do sth. 致使某人做某事
表示“导致”的短语：_________________________ result in,give rise to,contribute to;
【单句语法填空】
- All the roads __________ (lead) to the city had been blocked.
- The discovery of new evidence led to the thief __________(catch).
- What led you _________ this conclusion?
- The news led us _________ (believe) that they would come.
- leading 2)being caught（3)to（4)to believe
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发表于 2025-9-27 16:26:36