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- (教材P14) Up to 73 million sharks end up in shark fin soup each year. 每年有多达7300万条鲨鱼最后出现在鱼翅汤中。
- end up意为___________，后接v.-ing形式或介词短语。(以...)结束
end up in prison/failure 最终会坐牢／失败
end up with... 以...而结束·.....
I ended up telling him everything although I tried not to.虽然我试图不说，但是结果我还是把一切都告诉他了。
The students ended up their class meeting with a chorus singing. 学生们以合唱结束了班会。
- end up as sb./sth.意为___________，as表示“作为，当”含义。最终成为／变得
In spite of the people's opinions, she ended up as the winner.尽管众说纷纭，最后她还是成了胜利者。
- end up+形容词，意为___________。表示“最终处于．·····的状态”。
If he carries on driving like that, he'll end up dead.如果他继续那样开车，总有一天会把命都丢掉。
【归纳拓展】
in the end 最后；终于
make(both)ends meet使收支相抵；勉强维持生计
【单句语法填空】
- Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just end up ________ sweet dreams.
- Joining the firm as a clerk, he got rapid promotion,and ended up ________ a manager.
- If you go on doing that kind of thing, you’ll end up _______ prison.
- You’ll end up ________ (get) burnt if you don't keep away from the fire.
- After gaining two fortunes, he ended up _________ (poorly) when he died.
1.(1)with (2)as (3)in (4) getting（5)poor
- (教材P14) Our planet's _________ is dying out at an alarming rate. 我们星球的________正在以惊人的速度消失。
die out
How did the dinosaurs die out?恐龙是如何灭绝的？
Many old customs are gradually dying out.许多旧习俗都在逐渐消失。
- 意为___________ (火）逐渐熄灭；（风等）逐渐停止
Once the fire has died out,the rescue team will move in.一旦大火熄灭，救援队就会马上进入。
【归纳拓展】
die off相继死去；先后死去
die for为·······而死
be dying to do sth.渴望做某事
alarming
alarming词性_______词义_______ adj.使人惊恐的；令人惊慌的；引起恐慌的
at an alarming rate/speed 以惊人的速度
The rain forests are disappearing at an alarming rate. 雨林正以惊人的速度消失。
【归纳拓展】
- alarm词性_______词义_______ n.惊恐；惊慌；警报；闹钟 vt.使惊恐；使害怕
in alarm 惊恐地
sound the alarm 发出警报
alarm bells 警铃
- alarmed词性_______词义_______ adj.惊恐的；惊慌的
be alarmed at/by 对·····感到惊恐
【单句语法填空】
- Everybody was _______ (alarm) at the news that a war might break out.
- If a smoke detector sets off ________ alarm in the kitchen, you should react quickly.
- It was _______ (alarm) that the virus had caused 11 deaths.
1.(1)alarmed（2)the（3)alarming
【翻译句子】
人口正以惊人的速度下降。______________________________________
2. The population is dropping at an alarming speed.
rate
- 词性_______词义_______ n.[C]速度；进度，常与介词at搭配，相当于speed.
at a rate of...以····的速度
Most people walk at an average rate of 5 kilometers an hour.大多数人步行的平均速度为每小时5千米。
- 词性_______词义_______ n.[C]比率；率
birth/death rate 出生率／死亡率
rates of exchange/interest 汇率／利率
There has been a gradual increase in the birth rate.出生率在逐渐增长。
- 词性_______词义_______ n.[C]价格；费用
What is the advertising rate in your newspaper? 你们报纸的广告价格是多少？
- 词性_______词义_______ vt.评估；评价；估价
rate...as把...看作
rate...among...认为／把······算作·······之一
The show was rated as a success by critics and audiences.评论家和观众都认为这次演出是成功的。
【归纳拓展】
at any rate 无论如何，不管怎样
【写出rate的含义】
- Prices keep rising at a rapid rate.1.(1)速度
- His house was rated at one million dollars.（2)估价
- The exchange rate between the dollar and the RMB is changing.（3)率
【单句语法填空】
- I may be away on business next week but _______ any rate I'll be back by Friday.2.(1)at
- China and India _______ (rate) as the most attractive markets now.（2) are rated
- (教材P14) We must make people aware of the problem and help the endangered wildlife before it's to late! 我们必须让人们意识到这个问题，并在为时已晚之前帮助濒危野生动物！
aware
aware词性_______词义_______ adj.知道；意识到；明白；发觉（其后常与of搭配）
be aware of明白／意识到
make sb. aware of 使某人明白／意识到
As far as I’m aware... 据我所知...
He was well aware of the problem.他很清楚这个问题。
Everybody should be made aware of the risks involved.应该让人人都知道其中的风险。
I was aware that she was trembling.我察觉到她在发抖。
【归纳拓展】
- awareness词性_______词义_______ n.意识
environmental awareness 环境意识
raise the awareness of sth. 加强对某事物的意识
- unaware词性_______词义_______ adj.不知道的；没意识到的；未察觉的
be unaware of 不知道...
【单句语法填空】
- People should be made aware ______ the lack of water.
- She hadn't read the letter and so was ______ (aware) of its contents.
- It is important that students develop the ______ (aware) of how the Internet can be used.
【翻译句子】
她知道他正在生气。______________________________________
(1)of (2) unaware（3)awareness .She was aware that he was angry.
endanger
endanger词性_______词义_______ vt.使遭危险；危及；危害（后面接名词或代词）
A heart attack may endanger the patient's life. 心脏病发作可能危及患者的生命。
Development of the area would endanger wildlife. 开发这一地区将会危及野生生物。
【归纳拓展】
- danger词性_______词义_______ n.危险
in danger (of) 在危险中，有·······的危险
out of danger 脱离危险
be a danger to 对...是危害，威胁
- dangerous词性_______词义_______ adj.危险的
- endangered词性_______词义_______ adj.濒临灭绝的/有生命危险的
【单句语法填空】
- This type of snake has been declared an _______ (danger) species. [ˈspiːʃiːz] n.种，物种
- It is _______ (danger) to walk on thin ice in a lake.
- The flood was _______ danger to the livelihood of the people there.
- This kind of animal is in danger of _______ (become) extinct.
答（1)endangered（2)dangerous（3)a（4)becoming
- (教材P14) How many elephants are killed on average every day? 平均每天有多少头大象被杀死？
- 词性_______词义_______ n.平均水平；一般水准
on average 平均；基本上；大体上
above/below average 高于／低于平均水平
About 400 people a year die of this disease on average.平均每年有大约400人死于这种疾病。
These exam results are above average.这些考试成绩高于平均水平。
- 词性_______词义_______ n.平均数（后常接介词of)
an average of... ···的平均数
Parents spend an average of $220 a year on toys for their children.
父母为孩子买玩具的花费平均每年为220美元。
- 词性_______词义_______ adj.平均的；普通的；（数量）中等的
The average age of the boys in this class is fifteen. 本班男生的平均年龄是15岁。
I was just an average student. 我只是一个普通的学生。
【写出average的含义】
- Tom's work at school is above average. (1)平均水平
- He is an average man; there's nothing special about him.（2)普通的
- It takes an average of ten weeks for them to sell a house. （3)平均数
【翻译句子】
The temperature now is below average.
On average,average people live happily.
- (教材P14) China has made a lot of progress.中国取得了很大的进步。
- make progress意为__________。后接介词in，表示__________，progress此处是__________名词。 进步，进展/ “在·····方面取得进步、进展”/不可数
make great/rapid progress in (doing) 在（做）·······方面取得大／迅速的进步
The medical community continues to make progress in the fight against cancer.医学界在抗癌的斗争中不断取得进步。
- make progress意为__________ 前进；行进
There wasn't much traffic so we made good progress.来往车辆不多，所以我们开得很快。
【归纳拓展】
- progress还可意为__________ vi.进展；进步
【单句语法填空】
- We have made progress in _________ (improve) skills of reading.
- The game was already ________ progress when we took our seats.
- Our cooperation _________ (progress) in the past decade.
1.(1)improving (2)in(3)has progressed
- (教材P15) I'm concerned about the African elephants.我关心非洲大象。
- 词性_______词义_______ vt.&vi.让（某人）担忧；关心；关注
It concerns sb.that...令某人担忧的是。。。。。。。
concern oneself with/over/about关心；担心
It concerns me that you no longer seem to care me. 你似乎不再在乎我，这令我担忧。
She is always concerning herself about him. 她一直在关心他。
- 词性_______词义_______ vt.涉及；与····有关
concern sb./sth. 涉及到某人／某事
This is a great event that concerns the future of our company.这是关系到我们公司前途的大事。
- 词性_______词义_______ n.[U]担心，关切；［C]关心的事
show/feel concern about/over/for... 对······表示担心／关心／挂念····
The report expressed concern over continuing high unemployment.报告表达了对失业率居高不下的忧虑。
【归纳拓展】
- _________ (adj.)关心的；担忧的concerned
be concerned about/for 关心；挂念
be concerned with 与·····有关
as/so far as sb./sth. is concerned 就······而言
- ________ (prep.)关于，常用于名词或代词后。concerning
- concerned做前置定语时，表示________；做后置定语时，表示________。“担心的，忧虑的”/“有关的”
【单句语法填空】
- Nowadays people are more ________ (concern) about the environment where they live.
- A good doctor should always concern ________ (he) with his patients.
- As a grassroots singer, she reads everything ________ (concern) music.
【翻译句子】
忧心忡忡的家长们开了一次与他们孩子的教育有关的会议。
1.(1)concerned (2)himself (3)concerning3.Concerned parents held a meeting concerning
the education of their children.
- (教材P15) Elephants need large living spaces,so it's difficult for them to adapt to the changes. 大象需要很大的生存空间，因此它们很难适应这种变化。
- 词性_______词义_______ vt.&i.(使）适应。常与介词to连用，to后接名词、代词或动名词。
adapt (oneself) to (doing)sth. (使）适应（做）某事
It took him a while to adapt himself to living in his new surroundings.
他过了好一阵子才适应了在新环境中生活。
- 词性_______词义_______ vt.改编；改写
adapt sth.for sth. 把...改编成.....
adapt sth.from sth. 根据。·····改编。。。。。。。
He is going to adapt his play for television. 他打算把自己的剧本改编成电视剧。
This play is adapted from a novel written by Dack.这个剧本是根据达克写的一部小说改编的。
- 词性_______词义_______ vt.使适合（新用途、新情况）；改造，其后常接for use.
Most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people.
这些工具大多数已经过特别改装，供残疾人使用。
【归纳拓展】
_________ (n.)改编本；改写本；适应adaptation
_________ (adj.)有适应能力的；能适应的adaptable
【易混辨析】adapt/adopt
【单句语法填空】
- This text is adapted ________ a story in Chinese Literature.
- This building has been adapted ________ the dormitory(寝室)of the students.
- A desert plant adapts to ________ (live) in a dry habitat.
- The play is an ________ (adapt) of a short novel.
1.(1)from（2)for（3)living（4)adaptation
- (教材P15) What measures are being taken to help them?正在采取什么措施来帮助他们呢？
- 词性_______词义_______ n.措施；方法
take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事（＝take steps to do sth.)
We must take preventive measures to reduce crime in the area.
我们必须采取预防措施来减少这个地区的犯罪。
- 词性_______词义_______ n.度量单位；尺寸，分量
make...to measure 根据尺寸定做某物（衣服）
take sb.'s measure给某人量尺寸
The metre is a measure of length. 米是长度单位。
Do you make suits to measure? 你定做西装吗？
- 词性_______词义_______ vt.测量，通常是表示人的名词或代词做主语。
He measured the height of the cupboard. 他量了碗橱的高度。
- 词性_______词义_______ vt.量度为，通常是表示物的名词做主语，不用被动语态。
The room measures 25 feet across. 这个房间宽25英尺。
- 词性_______词义_______ vt.权衡，使相比较，常与介词against连用。
measure...against... 权衡...与... （-weigh...against...）
I measured the benefits of the plan against the risks involved.
我认真权衡了这个计划的优点和有关的风险。
【单句语法填空】
- I want the suit made _________ his own measure.
- The house is more than twenty meters long and _________ (measure) six meters in width.
- He _________ (measure) for a new suit yesterday.
- We hope the government will take effective measures _________ (reduce) pollution.
Answer 1.to 2.measures 3.was measured 4 to reduce
- (教材P15) The authorities are under pressure to build elephant parks and tell people not to buy elephant products.当局在压力下建立大象公园，并告诉人们不要买大象产品。
- 词性_______词义_______ n.[U]压；挤压
apply pressure to 压住／按住
The nurse applied pressure to his arm to stop the bleeding. 护士压住他的胳膊止血。
- 词性_______词义_______ n.[U]气压
A band of high/low pressure is moving across the country. 一股高／低气压正经过这个国家。
- 词性_______词义_______ n.[U]压力；要求
under pressure 在压力下；承受压力
place/put pressure on sb.给某人施加压力
The team performs well under pressure. 这个队在压力下表现良好。
He may have put pressure on her to agree. 可能向她施加了压力，迫使她同意。
【归纳拓展】
_____________ (vt.)压，挤，推，施加压力press
press sb.to do sth. 催促某人做某事
【单句语法填空】
- He changed his mind _________ the pressure from others.
- They put pressure _________ the government to change its policy.
- The kids ________ (press) to do what they will not do.
答1.(1)under (2)on (3)are pressed
【翻译句子】
- 他们顶着压力去接受这个任务。______________________________
- 不要对孩子施加太多压力。______________________________
答2.(1)They were under pressure to take this task.2)Don't place/put too much pressure on the kids.
- (教材P16) What do you know about the Tibetan antelope and the Changtang National Nature Reserve? 你对藏羚羊和羌塘国家级自然保护区有什么了解？
- 词性_______词义_______ n.[C](动植物）保护区；自然保护区。
a wildlife reserve野生动植物保护区
Are you for building highways in a wildlife reserve? 你赞成在自然保护区修公路吗？
- 词性_______词义_______ vt.预订，预约（座位、席位、房间等）
reserve a ticket 订票（＝book a ticket)
I'd like to reserve a table for three for eight o'clock. 我想预订八点钟供三人用餐的桌位。
- 词性_______词义_______ vt.保留；贮备
These seats are reserved for special guests. 这些座位是留给贵宾的。
- 词性_______词义_______ vt.拥有，保持，保留（某种权利）
The management reserves the right to refuse to issue the document. 管理部门有权拒绝签发这份文件。
【归纳拓展】
___________ n.预订；预约reservation
make a reservation for 预订
【单句语法填空】
- I’ll call the restaurant and make a _________ (reserve).
- “It's such a nice place,” Mother said as she sat at the table _________ (reserve) for customers.
答1.(1)reservation (2)reserved
- (教材P16) On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals.在我们面前的平原上，我们隐约可以看到一群体形优美的动物。
- make out意为_______________ 看清；听清；分清。相当于figure out.
I could just make out a figure in the darkness. 黑暗中我只看出了一个人的轮廓。
- make out意为_______________ 开具，填写（表格或文件）
He made out a cheque for 10,000 pounds. 他开了一张1万英镑的支票。
- make out意为_______________ 理解
She was a strange sort of person; I couldn't make her out. 她这个人有些古怪，我不能理解她。
- (教材P16) This is why we’re here —— to observe Tibetan antelopes.
这就是我们来这里的原因－观察藏羚羊。
- 词性_______词义_______ vt.注意到；观察到
observe sb. do /doing sth. 观察某人做了／正在做某事
be observed to do/doing sth. 被看见做了／正在做某事
The police observed a man enter the bank. 警察注意到一个男人走进了银行。
He was observed to follow her closely. 有人看到他紧跟着她。
- 词性_______词义_______ vt.说话；评论，后接that从句。
She observed that it was getting late. 她说天色晚了。
- 词性_______词义_______ vt.遵守（规则、法律等），相当于obey,后接名词做宾语。
Will the rebels observe the ceasefire? 叛乱者会遵守停火协议吗？
The crowd observed a minute's silence in memory of those who had died.
众人为死者默哀一分钟。
- 词性_______词义_______ vt.庆祝；庆贺，相当于celebrate.
Do they observe Christmas? 他们过不过圣诞节？
【归纳拓展】
_____________ (n.) 观察observation
_____________ (n.) 观察者；观察员observer
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发表于 2025-9-27 16:29:41