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- (教材P28) Jan’s life has been greatly improved by the Internet. “When you go through tough times, you meet others who are facing similar challenges.” 因特网大大改善了简的生活。“当你经历困难的时候，你会遇到其他面临类似挑战的人...”
go through
- _____________ 经历；经受（困境、痛苦等）
Although he has gone through many difficulties, he's still happy.
尽管经受过许多困难，他仍然快乐。
How long will it take you to go through the book? 看完这本书你得用多长时间？
I always start the day by going through my emails.我总是以检查电子邮件开始新的一天。
The plan went through,which made us all happy. 计划通过了，这使我们非常高兴。
We went through all our money last week and had nothing to buy the milk.
上周我们花光了所有的钱，并且没钱买牛奶了。
tough
- 词性________词义________ adj.艰苦的；艰难的；棘手的（＝difficult)
It was a tough decision to make. 那是个很难做的决定。
She’s been having a tough time lately. 她最近的日子一直很难熬。
- 词性________词义________ adj.严厉的；强硬的；粗野的；粗暴的
be tough on 对······严厉
Don't be too tough on him. He was only trying to help. 别对他要求过严，他只是想帮忙。
- 词性________词义________ adj.坚固的；牢固的；结实的
You’d better wear a tough pair of shoes when hiking.远足时你最好穿一双结实的鞋。
易混词
| 区别
| tough
| 既可表示“严厉的；强硬的，坚固的”，也可表示“艰难的，棘手的”，可与rough互换
| rough
| 除了表示“艰难的”外，还表示“粗糙的；不平滑的；粗略的”
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- (教材P29) Plus they can download movies and music at high speeds.此外，他们还可以高速下载电影和音乐。
- 词性________词义________ conj.而且；此外；况且（＝furthermore)
I've got too much on at work. Plus my father is not well.
我工作负担太重了，而且我父亲身体也不好。
- 词性________词义________ prep.加；加上
Two plus five is seven. 2加5等于7.
- 词性________词义________ n.优势；好处；长处
Knowledge of French is a plus in her job. 通晓法文使她在工作中占优势。
- 词性________词义________ adj.多，余；零度以上；优点的
The work will cost $10,000 plus. 这项工作将耗资一万余美元。
- (教材P28) At age 50, she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer to keep her company. 50岁时，她发觉自己失业了，困在家里，只有电脑为伴。
在本句中，“out of work and stuck at home”做____________。 宾语补足语；
“with only her computer to keep her company”是with 复合结构做stuck的_____________。伴随状语
【考点提炼】★find+宾语＋宾语补足语★
此结构中通常不使用动原形来充当宾语补足语，其结构形式如下：
- find+宾语＋形容词／副词／名词／介词短语(表示状态或方式)
- find+宾语＋现在分词(表示正在进行的主动动作)
He found the text difficult to understand. (_________做宾补) 形容词
他发现这篇课文很难理解。
When he woke up, he found himself in hospital. (_________做宾补) 介词短语
当他醒来时，发现自己在医院里。
I found a number of people already working there. (_________做宾补) 现在分词
我发现很多人已经在那里工作了。
The old man found his hometown much changed. (_________做宾补) 过去分词
这位老人发现自己的家乡有了很大的变化。
【归纳拓展】
- 常用于“动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构的动词有feel, find, think, make, consider等。
He spoke loud enough to make himself heard.
他说话的声音大得足以让人听见。
- “动词＋it+宾语补足语＋真正宾语［不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或that从句］”结构中，it是形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移到句子的后部。
I found it pleasant to be with my family.
我发现和我的家人在一起很开心。
【单句语法填空】
- Even the best writers sometimes find themselves _________ (lose) for words.
- A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _________ (smoke) in the kitchen.
- After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother’s voice __________ (call) him.
- My parents have always made me _________ (feel) good about myself,even when I was twelve.
【翻译句子】
- 老师发觉露西很诚实。__________________________________
- 他认为有必要谈谈我们的问题。__________________________________
答1. (1)lost (2)smoking (3)calling (4)feel 2. (1)The teacher finds/found Lucy honest. (2) He thinks it necessary to talk about our problems.
【考点提炼】“with+宾语＋宾语补足语”构成with的复合结构
with的复合结构可构成独立主格结构，通常做伴随状语；宾语补足语的形式是多种多样的，此结构使句子更加简洁、生动。
- with+宾语＋现在分词（表示正在进行的主动动作）
- with+宾语＋形容词／副词／名词／介词短语（表示状态或方式）
With two children attending middle school now, the parents have to work hard.
现在，由于两个孩子在中学上学，父母们不得不努力工作。
With his pocket picked on the bus, the old man got a little angry.
由于在公共汽车上被人掏了他的口袋，老人有点生气。
With a lot of difficult problems to solve, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
由于有很多困难的问题要解决，新当选的总统现在处境艰难。
Einstein walked in the street, with his slippers on.
爱因斯坦穿着拖鞋走在街上。
【归纳拓展】
“名词＋宾语补足语”结构也构成独立主格结构，其用法与with的复合结构大体相同；但如果介词短语做宾语补足语，介词前后的两个名词均不加任何修饰语（如物主代词或冠词），也不用复数形式。
A robber burst into the room, knife in hand/with a knife in his hand.
一个强盗手里拿着刀冲进房间。
【单句语法填空】
- The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog _________ (follow) them.
- The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _________ (lay) for a meal to be cooked.
【改为同义句】
- If weather permits, we'll go out for a walk.
→________________, we'll go out for a walk.
- Because I had nothing to do, I dropped in on a friend of mine.
→________________, I dropped in on a friend of mine.
- We sat in the courtyard,and the moon was rising above the treetops.
→We sat in the courtyard, _______________ above the treetops.
答1. (1)following (2)laid (3)turn (4)on2. (1)Weather permitting（2)With nothing to do（3)with the moon rising
- (教材P30) They’ve built a kind of new PC with more functions.他们开发了一种功能更多的新型个人电脑。
- 词性________词义________ n.作用；功能；职能
fulfil/perform a function 发挥功能
The only task is to make it perform a function. 唯一的任务就是使它发挥功能。
The function of smile is to show happiness and put people at ease.
微笑的作用是表示快乐和使人感到自在。
- 词性________词义________ vi.起作用；运转
function as 起到·······作用
function well/properly 运转正常
This machine is not functioning properly. 这部机器运转不正常。
The sofa can also function as a bed. 这沙发也可以当床用。
【归纳拓展】
work as 当；担任；担任·····工作
act as 担任·······角色
serve as 用作；充当（事物做主语 没有被动）
- (教材P30) Have you confirmed the Wi-Fi password? 你确认无线网络的密码了吗？
- 词性________词义________ vt.证实；证明；确认
confirm+sth./that从句／wh-从句（尤指通过提供更多证据）证实。。。。。。
It has been confirmed that... 已确定·.....
Rumors of job losses were later confirmed. 裁员的传言后来被证实了。
It has been confirmed that they will leave their hometown for Canada.
已经确定他们将离开家乡去加拿大。
- 词性________词义________ vt.使确信
confirm sb. in sth. (使)某人确信某事
The walk in the mountains confirmed his fear of heights.
在山里步行使他更加确信自己有恐高症。
【归纳拓展】
_____________(n.)证实；确定；批准；确认confirmation
【单句语法填空】
- Please send email ____________ (confirm) your reservation for the hotel.
- It ___________ (confirm) that the meeting will take place next week.
- There was frost on the ground, ___________ (confirm) that fall had arrived in Canada.
frost[frɔːst] n.严寒天气;霜冻
- I'm still waiting for the __________ (confirm) of the test results.
答（1)to confirm (2)has been confirmed（4)confirming（5)confirmation
- (教材P30) Has anyone made a comment about the online database?有人对在线数据库发表评论吗？
- 词性________词义_________，常与介词on/about/upon连用。n.评论；意见，见解。
make a comment about/on/upon 评论....
No comment! (通常用于回答记者的问题）无可奉告！
He made no comments on our proposal. 他对我们的建议没有做评论。
She made helpful comments on my work. 她对我的工作提出了有益的意见。
- 词性________词义_________ vt.评论，评注，批评；提意见，发表意见
comment on/upon 评论..
comment+that从句 发表意见说。。。。。。。
Would you care to comment on any troublesome students in your class?
你愿意谈谈你对你们班上调皮学生的看法吗？
He commented that he thought it was time for us to go home.他发表意见说他认为该是我们回家的时间了。
【单句语法填空】
- Joan _____________ (comment) that it was a better play than usual, and I agreed.
- The play _____________ (comment) by the audience so far.
- The minister refused to comment publicly ___________ these affairs.
答1.(1)commented（2)has been commented（3)on/upon
- (教材P31) Both of Xiao Bo's apps keep track of the steps he takes.小波的两个应用程序都记录了他采用的步骤。
- ______________ 掌握......的最新消息；了解......的动态
With eleven thousand employees, it's very difficult to keep track of them all.
对于一支1.1万人的员工队伍，很难及时了解到所有人的动态。
I use a small notebook to keep track of all the new sentences I learn.
我用一个小笔记本记录我所学到的所有新句子。
She managed to keep track of her friends. 她设法与朋友们保持联系。
【归纳拓展】
- lose track of 不了解...的动态；与...失去联系
- track词性________词义_________& 词性________词义_________
n.小道，小径；足迹，踪迹；轨道；跑道vt.跟踪；追踪
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发表于 2025-9-27 16:32:59